Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary napkins are essential personal care products designed to provide comfort and hygiene during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for ensuring quality and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary materials used in sanitary napkins.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary napkin, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a blend of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

– Wood Pulp: This natural material is highly absorbent and provides a soft texture. It is often bleached to ensure cleanliness and hygiene.
– Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP): These synthetic materials can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their own mass. SAP enhances the absorbency and leak-proof properties of the napkin.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying.

– Nonwoven Fabric: Commonly made from polypropylene or polyethylene, nonwoven fabrics are lightweight, breathable, and gentle on the skin. They allow for rapid liquid penetration while keeping the surface dry.
– Perforated Film: Some top sheets use perforated plastic films that provide a smooth, dry feel and prevent leakage.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary napkin, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against moisture.

– Polyethylene Film: This material is impermeable to liquids, ensuring that menstrual fluid does not seep through to clothing. It is also flexible and durable, providing a comfortable fit.
– Breathable Back Sheet: Some modern sanitary napkins use breathable back sheets made from microporous films that allow air circulation while maintaining leak-proof properties.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the sanitary napkin in place within the underwear.

– Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive: This type of adhesive is applied to the back sheet and activates upon pressure, ensuring the napkin stays in place during use. It is designed to be strong enough to hold the napkin securely but gentle enough to be removed without leaving residue.

## 5. Release Paper

The release paper protects the adhesive before use and is removed when the napkin is applied.

– Siliconized Paper: This paper is coated with silicone to prevent the adhesive from sticking to it prematurely. It is easy to peel off, ensuring a smooth application process.

## Properties of Sanitary Napkin Materials

– Absorbency: The ability to quickly absorb and retain menstrual fluid is crucial for comfort and hygiene.
– Softness: Materials must be gentle on the skin to prevent irritation and discomfort.
– Breathability: Good air circulation helps maintain skin health and comfort.
– Leak-Proof: Effective barriers and absorbent cores prevent leakage, ensuring confidence and cleanliness.
– Biodegradability: Increasingly, manufacturers are focusing on eco-friendly materials that are biodegradable and reduce environmental impact.

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary napkin raw materials is essential for producing high-quality, safe, and comfortable products. Advances in material science continue to improve the performance and sustainability of these essential personal care items.