# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Soft, breathable materials with quick-dry properties

Key properties: Softness, breathability, and rapid liquid transfer to the absorption layer

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most critical component that determines the pad’s absorption capacity. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)

– Combination of both materials

The absorbent core can hold up to 10 times its weight in liquid, with SAP being particularly effective at locking in moisture.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and is usually composed of:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Non-woven materials with waterproof coatings

Properties: Moisture-proof, breathable, and comfortable against clothing

### 4. Adhesive Components

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for attachment to underwear
– Release paper to protect the adhesive before use

## Additional Features in Premium Pads

Modern sanitary pads often include extra components for enhanced comfort and performance:

– Side barriers or wings for better leakage protection
– Odor-control agents
– Aloe vera or other soothing additives
– Antibacterial treatments

## Material Properties and Performance Factors

### Absorption Capacity

Determined by the combination of fluff pulp and SAP ratio. Higher SAP content generally means better absorption but may increase cost.

### Breathability

Important for skin health, influenced by the top sheet and back sheet materials. Breathable materials reduce moisture buildup and irritation.

### Softness and Comfort

Affected by the top sheet material and the overall pad construction. Premium pads often use specially treated non-wovens for superior softness.

### Environmental Considerations

Many manufacturers are now developing:

– Biodegradable materials
– Organic cotton options
– Chlorine-free bleaching processes
– Reduced plastic components

## Safety and Quality Standards

All materials used in sanitary pad production must meet strict safety regulations:

– Hypoallergenic properties
– Free from harmful chemicals
– Dermatologically tested
– Compliance with international standards (FDA, EU regulations)

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers choose products that best meet their needs while ensuring comfort, protection, and health safety during menstrual periods.